# 11. Object rest/spread

## Object rest

*Rest properties* allows to collect the properties from an object that are left after a destructuring assignment.

```javascript
const object = {
  propA: 1,
  propB: 2,
  propC: 3
};

const { propA, ...restObject } = object;
propA; // => 1
restObject; // => { propB: 2, propC: 3 }
```

* use the rest operator at most once;
* rest operator must appear at the end;
* you can use the rest operator several times if you nest it.

## Object spread

*Spread properties* allows to copy into an object literal the owned properties from a source object. In this example the object literal collects into object additional properties from source object:

```javascript
const source = {
  propB: 2,
  propC: 3
};
const object = {
  propA: 1,
  ...source
};
object; // => { propA: 1, propB: 2, propC: 3 }
```

It copies own enumerable properties from a provided object onto a new object. Shallow-cloning (excluding prototype) or merging objects is now possible using a shorter syntax than `Object.assign()`.

```javascript
const obj1 = { foo: "bar", x: 42 };
const obj2 = { foo: "baz", y: 13 };

// Cloning the enumerable own properties of an object obj:
const clonedObj = { ...obj1 };
// Object { foo: "bar", x: 42 }

// Merging two objects obj1 and obj2:
const mergedObj = { ...obj1, ...obj2 };
// Object { foo: "baz", x: 42, y: 13 }

// Filling in defaults for user data:
const data = { ...DEFAULTS, ...userData };
```

Rest/Spread операторы никогда не меняют исходный объект.